The new highs reflected optimism that the Federal Reserve would continue to cut interest rates and that the incoming administration would promote business growth. The Dow was volatile in 2015 because it was based on just a few companies. Record-low interest rates allowed firms such as Apple and IBM to borrow billions to buy back shares. These actions artificially raised their earnings per share and the prices of their remaining outstanding stocks (stocks which are still held by shareholders).

US stock market today: Full data and performance update

It’s often the most anticipated economic data of each month, and it will come a day earlier than usual because of the Fourth of July holiday. Seema Shah, chief global strategist at Principal Asset Management, said in an email that the June jobs report signals rate cuts in July are likely off the table. The Fed’s rate-cutting path has come under increased scrutiny in recent weeks as Trump has continued a tirade against Fed Chair Jerome Powell, lashing out at him for holding rates steady. Some Fed officials in recent weeks had signaled an openness to cutting rates in July.

• Stock market gains since the 2008 financial crisis were mediocre in volume.
• The US dollar index, which measures the dollar’s strength against six major foreign currencies, gained 0.45%.
• GMS’ stock jumped 11.8% after the supplier of specialty building products said it agreed to sell itself to a Home Depot subsidiary in a deal that would pay $110.00 per share in cash.
• As a result, the Federal Reserve (Fed) began raising interest rates in March 2022 to slow the economy down and arrest the pace of price rise.While inflation persisted, Fed’s aggressive rate hikes stoked fears of a recession.
• The index peaked again in July, almost reaching 42,000, then rallied in September when the Fed started cutting interest rates for the first time since 2020.

Federal officers, more than a dozen military vehicles descend on MacArthur Park

Because of the price-weighted calculation method, a $1 change in the price of a stock in the DJIA doesn’t equate to one point in the index since that depends on the Dow divisor at the time. As such, point moves are a way to measure the relative change in the index’s value. That said, when comparing the value of the DJIA over time, many financial sites, as we have done above, use an inflation-adjustment calculator such as the U.S.

Some exclude certain industries from a region or index, such as gambling and weapons. Others apply S&P Global’s Corporate Sustainability Assessment to geographic regions. It beat its January high, rising to 9,093.24 by the close of the day. The Senate reintroduced the bailout as the Troubled Asset Relief Program on Oct. 3.

• Thursday was a shortened trading session, with the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq closing at 1 p.m.
• The Dow Jones Industrial Average (the Dow) is an index of the 30 top-performing U.S. companies.
• By Jan. 20, it closed at 15,766.74, as investors panicked over plummeting oil prices, the devaluation of the yuan, and turmoil in China’s stock market.
• Journalist Charles Dow and his business partner, Edward Jones, established the Dow Jones Industrial Average in 1896 with 12 companies in the industrial sector.

Thursday was a shortened trading session, with the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq closing at 1 p.m. The labor market continues to prove resilient, which gives the Fed more time to hold rates steady and focus on how inflation is developing. Treasury yields jumped higher as investors dialed back expectations for future rate cuts from the Federal Reserve. The 10-year yield rose to 4.34% and the 30-year yield rose to 4.86%. The largest single-day drop, percentage-wise, that the Dow has had occurred when the market crashed on Oct. 19, 1987, Black Monday. However, in points, the Dow’s worst day was March 16, 2020, when it fell 2,997.1 points in reaction to the pandemic-era adoption of lockdowns throughout the U.S. and the Federal Reserve slashing interest rates to near zero.

The selection is not based on strict quantitative criteria but rather on the decisions of the editors of the Wall Street Journal. Companies are chosen based on their reputation, growth, and how to read the 3 main types of forex charts relevance to the economy, with the aim of reflecting the overall health and trends of the industrial sector of the U.S. economy. Previously, the Dow had fallen from 11,723 in January 2000 to 9,389 in March 2001, dropping 20% (from 20,520 to 16,434 points, inflation-adjusted). The bout of inflation that followed the COVID-19 pandemic led to another sharp sell-off in 2022. Between Jan. 7, 2022, and Sept. 30, 2022, the Dow declined about 21% from 36,231.66 to 28,725.51.

How major US stock indexes fared Monday, 6/30/2025

The following are some milestones achieved by the Dow Jones Industrial Average. In parentheses, when helpful, we provide the Dow’s points as inflation-adjusted to Feb. 23, 2024, for a relative comparison to its record highs. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, also known as the Dow or DJIA, tracks 30 large, well-known companies that trade on the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq.

Given its large-cap focus, the roster of companies included in the Dow fails to include companies of other sizes. Many market observers think the S&P 500 is a much better representation of the economy, as it includes 500 companies and draws more widely from different sectors. These changes are not done often to ensure the index’s stability and continuity. Since the Great Depression, 2007 to 2008 has been the most dramatic period for the DJIA. The market fell more than 50% in just a year and a half because of subprime mortgage and credit crisis that kicked off the Great Recession.

The 1949 Recession

Many of Trump’s announced tariffs are currently on pause, and they’re scheduled to kick back into effect in a little more than a week. Please bear with us as we address this and restore your personalized lists. Lisa covers markets and investing for CNBC.com and CNBC Pro. “We will see a real tariff impact for a lot of businesses, but the market is going to digest that without too much trouble,” he also said. While the 40,000 milestone is attention-grabbing, the number itself means little to investors. These big, round numbers don’t mean much, but they do serve as a reminder that over time stock investments can pay off.

The dollar index was set for its biggest daily gain in nearly two weeks. While markets jumped higher, investors also noted caution. The breakdown of job growth showed a less rosy picture, with the private sector showing signs of weakness, according to Jim Baird, chief investment officer at Plante Moran Financial Advisors.

1991 Recession

The Dow kept hitting record highs in late 2024, reaching over 45,000 in December of that year. Stock market gains since the 2008 financial crisis were mediocre in volume. Only three days traded more than 200 million shares, a level similar to the late 1990s. The Dow’s activity broke new records in terms of downward movement in 2009.

Record Highs Set in 2021

That correction was more than 16% lower than its all-time high set in May of the same year, putting the index into a correction but not a bear market. Investors worried that China’s yuan devaluation and the uncertainty over the Fed’s rate increase would push the index further downward. All these events created a lot of uncertainty for investors and the Dow bore the brunt of it, falling into a bear market in September 2022. Despite all time highs early in the year, six of the 20 worst-one day point losses for the Dow occurred in 2022. Trump, meanwhile, has been pushing for more cuts to rates and for them to happen soon.

While it wasn’t as dramatic as the Great Depression, the drop happened much more quickly. After recovering from its Great Depression level, the Dow continued to be affected by several recessionary periods and crises leading up to the 2009 downturn. The Dow responded with new highs throughout the latter part of 2019, even though trade negotiations had broken down until November. It hit a milestone on July 11, closing above 27,000, and then another on Nov. 15, closing above 28,000 (in the chart below, milestones are noted). Nonfarm payrolls rose by 147,000 in June, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported Thursday.